Ukuthuthela kwesikhungo sedatha ku-DDR5 kungase kubaluleke kakhulu kunokunye ukuthuthukiswa.Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bavele bacabange ngokungananazi ukuthi i-DDR5 iwushintsho nje lokuthatha indawo ye-DDR4 ngokuphelele.Amaphrosesa ashintsha nakanjani lapho kufika i-DDR5, futhi azoba nokunye okushainkumbuloukuxhumana, njengoba kwakunjalo ngezizukulwane ezedlule zokuthuthukiswa kwe-DRAM kusuka ku-SDRAM kuyaI-DDR4.
Kodwa-ke, i-DDR5 ayiyona nje inguquko yesixhumi esibonakalayo, ishintsha umqondo wesistimu yememori yephrosesa.Eqinisweni, izinguquko ku-DDR5 zingase zanele ukufakazela ukuthuthukela kupulatifomu yeseva ehambisanayo.
Kungani ukhetha inkumbulo entsha?
Izinkinga zekhompiyutha ziye zaba nzima kakhulu kusukela kwasungulwa amakhompyutha, futhi lokhu kukhula okungenakugwemeka kuye kwaqhuba ukuguquguquka ngendlela yezinombolo ezinkulu zamaseva, inkumbulo ehlala ikhula kanye namandla okugcina, kanye nesivinini esiphezulu sewashi le-processor nokubala okuyisisekelo, kodwa futhi kuqhuba izinguquko zezakhiwo. , okuhlanganisa ukwamukelwa kwakamuva kwamasu e-AI ahlukanisiwe futhi asetshenziswa.
Abanye bangase bacabange ukuthi konke lokhu kwenzeka ngokuhambisana ngoba zonke izibalo ziyenyuka.Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi inani lama-processor cores lenyukile, umkhawulokudonsa we-DDR awugcinanga ijubane, ngakho-ke umkhawulokudonsa ngomgogodla ngamunye ubulokhu uncipha.
Njengoba amasethi wedatha akhula, ikakhulukazi ku-HPC, imidlalo, ukubhalwa kwevidiyo, ukucabanga ngomshini, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha enkulu, kanye nemininingwane yolwazi, nakuba umkhawulokudonsa wokudluliswa kwememori ungathuthukiswa ngokungeza iziteshi eziningi zememori ku-CPU, Kodwa lokhu kudla amandla amaningi. .Isibalo sephinikhodi yokucubungula siphinde sikhawulele ukusimama kwale ndlela, futhi inani lamashaneli alikwazi ukukhuphuka unomphela.
Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ikakhulukazi amasistimu angaphansi aphezulu afana nama-GPU namaphrosesa e-AI akhethekile, zisebenzisa uhlobo lwememori yomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu (HBM).Ubuchwepheshe busebenzisa idatha kusuka kuma-chips e-DRAM astakiwe kuya kusiprosesa ngokusebenzisa imizila yenkumbulo engu-1024-bit, okuyenza ibe yisixazululo esihle sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhumbula kakhulu njenge-AI.Kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, iphrosesa nememori kumele kusondele kakhulu ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngokudluliswa okusheshayo.Kodwa-ke, futhi kubiza kakhulu, futhi ama-chips awakwazi ukulingana namamojula ashintshwayo/athuthukiswayo.
Futhi inkumbulo ye-DDR5, eqale ukukhishwa kabanzi kulo nyaka, iklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa umkhawulokudonsa wesiteshi phakathi kwephrosesa nenkumbulo, kuyilapho isasekela ukuthuthukiswa.
Umkhawulokudonsa kanye ne-latency
Izinga lokudlulisa le-DDR5 lishesha kunanoma yisiphi isizukulwane sangaphambilini se-DDR, empeleni, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-DDR4, izinga lokudlulisa le-DDR5 lingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili.I-DDR5 iphinde yethula izinguquko ezengeziwe zezakhiwo ukuze isebenze kulawa mazinga okudlulisa phezu kwezinzuzo ezilula futhi izothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamabhasi edatha.
Ukwengeza, ubude bokuqhuma buphindwe kabili ukusuka ku-BL8 kuya ku-BL16, okuvumela imojuli ngayinye ukuthi ibe namashaneli amancane amabili azimele futhi ngokuyisisekelo iphinde kabili iziteshi ezitholakalayo ohlelweni.Awugcini nje ngokuthola isivinini sokudlulisa esiphezulu, kodwa futhi uthola nesiteshi senkumbulo esakhiwe kabusha esidlula i-DDR4 ngisho nangaphandle kwamazinga okudlulisa aphezulu.
Izinqubo ezidinga inkumbulo kakhulu zizobona ukuthuthuka okukhulu kusukela ekushintsheni kuye ku-DDR5, futhi imisebenzi eminingi yanamuhla edinga idatha, ikakhulukazi i-AI, imininingwane egciniwe, kanye nokucubungula okwenziwa ku-inthanethi (OLTP), kuyahambisana nale ncazelo.
Izinga lokudlulisela libaluleke kakhulu.Ibanga lamanje lejubane lememori ye-DDR5 ngu-4800~6400MT/s.Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bukhula, izinga lokudlulisela kulindeleke ukuthi libe phezulu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla
I-DDR5 isebenzisa i-voltage ephansi kune-DDR4, okungukuthi 1.1V esikhundleni sika-1.2V.Nakuba umehluko ongu-8% ungase ungezwakali njengomkhulu, umehluko ubonakala uma zisikwele ukuze kubalwe isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwamandla, okungukuthi 1.1²/1.2² = 85%, okusho ukonga ngo-15% ezikweletini zikagesi.
Izinguquko zezakhiwo ezethulwa yi-DDR5 zikhulisa ukusebenza kahle komkhawulokudonsa kanye namazinga aphezulu okudlulisa, nokho, lezi zinombolo kunzima ukuzibala ngaphandle kokulinganisa indawo eqondile yohlelo lapho kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe.Kodwa futhi, ngenxa yezakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe namazinga okudlulisa aphezulu, umsebenzisi wokugcina uzobona ukuthuthuka kwamandla ngebhithi ngalinye ledatha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imojula ye-DIMM ingakwazi futhi ukulungisa i-voltage ngokwayo, enganciphisa isidingo sokulungiswa kwamandla ebhodi lomama, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze imiphumela eyengeziwe yokonga amandla.
Ezikhungweni zedatha, ukuthi iseva idla amandla angakanani nokuthi zingakanani izindleko zokupholisa ezikhathazayo, futhi uma lezi zici zicatshangelwa, i-DDR5 njengemojula eyonga amandla kakhudlwana ingaba isizathu sokuthuthukisa.
Ukulungisa iphutha
I-DDR5 iphinde ihlanganise nokulungiswa kwamaphutha e-on-chip, futhi njengoba izinqubo ze-DRAM ziqhubeka nokuncipha, abasebenzisi abaningi bakhathazekile ngokukhuphula izinga lephutha lebhithi elilodwa kanye nobuqotho bedatha iyonke.
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zeseva, i-on-chip ECC ilungisa amaphutha ebhithi eyodwa ngesikhathi sokufunda ngaphambi kokukhipha idatha ku-DDR5.Lokhu kulayisha omunye wemithwalo ye-ECC kusukela ku-algorithm yokulungiswa kwesistimu ukuya ku-DRAM ukuze kwehliswe umthwalo ohlelweni.
I-DDR5 iphinda yethule ukuhlola amaphutha kanye nokukhucululwa kwendle, futhi uma inikwe amandla, amadivayisi e-DRAM azofunda idatha yangaphakathi aphinde abhale idatha elungisiwe.
Fingqa
Nakuba isixhumi esibonakalayo se-DRAM ngokuvamile kungesona isici sokuqala isikhungo sedatha esiyicabangelayo lapho senza ukuthuthukiswa, i-DDR5 ifanelwe ukubhekisiswa, njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthembisa ukonga amandla kuyilapho kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza.
I-DDR5 iwubuchwepheshe obunika amandla obusiza abantu abasanda kuqala ukutholwa bathuthele kahle baye esikhungweni sedatha esisebenzisekayo, esingakala sesikhathi esizayo.Abaholi be-IT kanye nabamabhizinisi kufanele bahlole i-DDR5 futhi banqume ukuthi bangafuduka kanjani futhi nini besuka e-DDR4 baye e-DDR5 ukuze baqedele izinhlelo zabo zokuguqula isikhungo sedatha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-15-2022
