Iyini i-RAM ye-ECC futhi isebenza kanjani?

Ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali, ubuqotho bedatha nokwethembeka kubalulekile.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iseva, indawo yokusebenza noma ikhompuyutha esebenza kahle kakhulu, ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuvumelana kolwazi olugciniwe kubalulekile.Yilapho Iphutha Lokulungisa Ikhodi (ECC) RAM liqala khona ukusebenza.I-ECC RAM iwuhlobo lweinkumbulo enikeza ubuqotho bedatha obuthuthukisiwe kanye nesivikelo kumaphutha okudlulisela.

iyini ngempela i-RAM ye-ECC?Isebenza kanjanik?

I-RAM ye-ECC, emfushane yokuthi Ikhodi Yokulungisa Iphutha, i-RAM, iyimojula yememori equkethe ukujikeleza okwengeziwe ukuze kutholwe futhi kulungiswe amaphutha okungenzeka ngesikhathi sokudlulisa nokugcinwa kwedatha.Kuvamileesetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezibucayi ezifana namaseva, ikhompuyutha yesayensi, nezikhungo zezimali, lapho namaphutha amancane angaba nemiphumela emibi.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kanjaniI-ECC RAM iyasebenza, ake siqale siqonde kafushane izisekelo zememori yekhompyutha.Imemori yokufinyelela okungahleliwe (RAM) iwuhlobo lwenkumbulo eguquguqukayo egcina idatha okwesikhashana ngenkathi ikhompuyutha isebenzisa.Uma i-CPU (Iyunithi Yokucubungula Emaphakathi) idinga ukufunda noma ukubhala ulwazi, ifinyelela kudatha egcinwe ku-RAM.

Amamojula e-RAM endabuko(ebizwa ngokuthi i-non-ECC noma i-RAM evamile) sebenzisa ibhithi elilodwa ngeseli yememori ukuze ugcine futhi udlulise idatha.Kodwa-ke, lawa mayunithi wesitoreji athambekele ekubeni namaphutha engozi angaholela ekonakaleni kwedatha noma ukuphahlazeka kwesistimu.I-ECC RAM, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingeza izinga elengeziwe lokulungiswa kwamaphutha kumojula yememori.

I-RAM ye-ECC inika amandla ukutholwa nokulungiswa kwamaphutha ngokusebenzisa izingcezu zememori ezengeziwe ukuze kugcinwe ukulingana noma ulwazi lokuhlola iphutha.Lezi zingcezu ezengeziwe zibalwa ngokusekelwe kudatha egcinwe kuseli yememori futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bolwazi ngesikhathi sokufunda nokubhala i-ope.izabelo.Uma kutholwa iphutha, i-ECC RAM ingalungisa iphutha ngokuzenzakalelayo nangokusobala, iqinisekise ukuthi idatha egciniwe ihlala inembile futhi ingashintshiwe.Lesi sici sihlukanisa i-ECC RAM ku-RAM evamile ngoba inikeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela kumaphutha enkumbulo.

Uhlelo lwe-ECC olusetshenziswa kakhulu ukulungisa iphutha elilodwa, ukutholwa kwephutha eliphindwe kabili (SEC-DED).Kulolu hlelo, i-ECC RAM ingakwazi ukuhlonza futhi ilungise amaphutha ebhithi eyodwa angase enzeke kumaseli enkumbulo.Ukwengeza, ingakwazi ukubona uma iphutha le-double-bit lenzekile, kodwa ayikwazi ukulilungisa.Uma kutholwa iphutha le-double-bit, isistimu ngokuvamile ikhiqiza umlayezo wephuthad ithatha isinyathelo esifanele, esifana nokuqalisa kabusha isistimu noma ukushintshela kusistimu yokusekelayo.

Enye yezingxenye ezibalulekile ze-RAM ye-ECC isilawuli senkumbulo, esidlala indima ebalulekile ekutholweni kwephutha nasekulungiseni.Isilawuli senkumbulo sinesibopho sokubala nokugcina ulwazi olulinganayongesikhathi sokubhala kanye nokuqinisekisa ulwazi lokulingana ngesikhathi sokufunda.Uma kutholwa iphutha, isilawuli sememori singasebenzisa ama-algorithms ezibalo ukuze sinqume ukuthi yiziphi izingcezu okudingeka zilungiswe futhi sibuyisele idatha elungile.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi i-ECC RAM idinga amamojula enkumbulo ahambisanayo kanye nebhodi lomama elisekela ukusebenza kwe-ECC.Uma noma iyiphi yalezi zingxenye ishoda, i-RAM engeyona eye-ECC evamile ingakwaziesikhundleni salokho, kodwa ngaphandle kwenzuzo eyengeziwe yokutholwa kwephutha nokulungiswa.

Nakuba i-RAM ye-ECC ihlinzeka ngamakhono okulungisa amaphutha athuthukile, iphinde ibe nokubi okuthile.Okokuqala, i-RAM ye-ECC ibiza kancane kune-RAM engeyona eye-ECC evamile.Ukujikeleza okwengeziwe kanye nobunzima bokulungisa amaphutha kubangela izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme.Okwesibili, i-RAM ye-ECC ithola isigwebo sokusebenza esincane ngenxa yephutha lokuhlola izibalo.Nakuba umthelela ekusebenzeni ngokuvamile mncane futhi ngokuvamile awubonakali, kufanelekile ukucabangela izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho isivinini sibaluleke kakhulu.

I-ECC RAM iwuhlobo olukhethekile lwenkumbulo olunikeza ubuqotho bedatha ephakeme nokuvikelwa kumaphutha okudlulisela.Ngokusebenzisa izingcezu ezengeziwe zokuhlola amaphutha nama-algorithms athuthukile, i-ECC RAM ingathola futhi ilungise amaphutha, iqinisekise ukunemba nokuthembeka kolwazi olugciniwe.Nakuba i-RAM ye-ECC ingase ibize ngaphezulu kancane futhi ibe nomthelela omncane wokusebenza, ibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezibucayi lapho ubuqotho bedatha bubalulekile.